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ALFRED-PAR-AF, OF NEW YORK, NflY.

Letters Patent No, 69,121, dated September 2-1, 1867.

IMPROVED MODE OF PRODUCING BLACK IN DYEING AND PRINTING.

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TO ALL WHO IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I. ALFRED PARAF, now residing in the city, county, andState of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in theProcess of Producing Black in Fibrous and TextileMaterials by Dyeing andPrinting; and that the following is a full, clear, and exact descriptionand specification of my said invention.

In carrying out my invention I make use of asphaltum, and precipitatethe black coloring matter thereof in the article to be dyed or printedby means of albumen or its equivalent.

The kind of asphaltum which I prefer to use is that known by the name ofGrahamite. I prepare a solution of the asphaltum by dissolving it inturpentine, benzole, or other neutral solvent, permitting the solvent totake up as much of the material as it will, The solution is permitted tosettle, and the liquor is poured of.

On the other hand, I prepare a solution of albumen in water. If eggalbumen be used, the solution may he prepared by dissolving one pound oithe albumen in one gallon of water. If blood albumen be used, thesolution may be preparedby dissolving two and a halt pounds of suchalbumen iii one gallon of water.

When cloth is to be print-ed, equal quantities of the solution ofasphaltum and albumen are mixed together, and the cloth is printed inthe usual manner with the compound. After the printing is completed, thecloth is placed in the steam-chest commonly used in calico printnvorks,and is steamed sufiiciently to coagulate the albumen and drive off thesolvent of the asphaltum. Steaming for half an hour at a pressure of sixpounds is generally suificient for this purpose.

If yarn or a fabric is to be dyed black, I immerse the article first inthe solution of albumen, and dry it at a temperature below that at whichalbumen coagulates. The dry article is immersed in the solution ofasphaltum, and it is then steamed to coagulate thealbumen and drive offthe solvent of the asphaltum.

Although I have mentioned egg albumen and blood albumcuin the abovedescription, the invention is not limited to the use of those articles,as other forms of" albumen may be used. Thus, for example, the preparedgluten known in commerce as lucine maybe used in place ofanimal albumen,and the solution of it for printing or dyeing may be made by dissolvingtwo and a half pounds of it in a gallon of water.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by-Letters Patent, ist The process of producing black in dyeing and printing operations bymeans of asphaltum and albumen, substantially as before described.

In testimony whereof I have hereto set my hand this thirty-first day ofAugust, A. D. 1867.

ALFRED PARAF.

Witnesses:

E. S. RENWICK, J. RATHBONE, Jr.

